Ackerman v. Exxonmobil Corp.

734 F.3d 237

Kenneth ACKERMAN; James Ackerman; April Ackerman; Mary Ackerman, Individually and as Personal Representative of the Estate of Thomas Ackerman; Charles V. Adams; Christianne M. Adams; John Alexis; Charles J. Arkins; Lula M. Arkins; Thomas J. Arno; Amy H. Arno, Both individually and as next friends of A.A. and E.A.; Robert A. Askin; Helen V. Askin; Rick G. Astarita; Patsy L. Astarita, Both individually and as next friends of A. N.A. and G.M.A., E.A., Individually; Lionel J. Bane; Lou Ann Bane;Timothy Banks; Susan E. Banks; Kristin E. Banks; Debra L. Bare; Larry G. Bare; Cody Bare; Tonta Freund; Thomas J. Barger; Kristin C. Barger, Both individually and as next friends of K.B., F.B., G.B., N.B.; Sebastiano Barresi; Steve Bavett; Anna M. Bavett, As next friend of N.L. and as next friends of M.B.; Grace Bayne; Daniel Beauchemin; Stella E. Beauchemin; Joann K. Bellington, Individually and as Personal Representative of the Estate of William B. Bellington; John G. Berger; Danny L. Blankenship; Renee D. Blankenship; Mary Blevins; Michael D. Blevins;Timothy R. Blevins; Jennifer M. Blevins, Both individually and as next friends of S.A.B.; Joshua R. Blevins; Howard H. Bond; Ronald Bonner; Ruth M. Bonner; Kenneth M. Bradley; Carol J. Bradley; Bernadette M. Brannon; Raymond E. Brehm, Jr.; Constance M. Brehm; Lois J. Brodowski; Paul J. Brooks; Michelle D. Brooks, Both individually and as next friends of S.D.B.; Zachary T. Brooks, Individually; Alexander M. Brooks, Individually; Peeble M. Brownlee; Donald C. Burke; Lisa A. Burke; Julia Burke; Matthew Burke; Edward C. Burton, Jr.;Candy L. Hobson–Burton, Both individually and as next friends of M.H–B.; Mark A. Burton, Individually; Charles D. Burton, Individually; Marcia Byrne; Paul P. Byrne; Ursula Cain–Jordan; Dale B. Jordan; John F. Callahan; Dorothy H. Callahan; Luke J. Canfield; Janelle M. Canfield, Both individually and as next friends of S.A.C.; Mark S. Canham; individually and as next friend of M.C.; James M. Cannella; Marcie G. Cannella; Charles David Cayce, IV; Randy Loughry, Individually and as next friends of C.S.L., C.D.L.; Kimberlee A. Loughry; Ronald A. Clark; Carol F. Clark;Albert P. Class; Carolyn L. Class; Michael Cofiell; Darlene S. Cofiell; Nancy L. Connolly; Mary D. Conway; Charles H. Coon, Jr.; Deborah A. Coon; Lauren Coon; Jordan Coon; Jameson Cooper; Katherine A. Cooper, Both individually and as next friends of I.C., E.C., R.C.; John L. Councilman; Deborah J. Councilman; Colleen Craven; Harry F. Craven; Elizabeth A. D'Angelo; Robert F. D'Angelo; Caroline Dascher, individually and as next friends of M.D., E.D. and N.D.; Kenneth W. Dascher, Jr.; Jesse L. Coleman; Patricia H. Coleman; John C. Colt; Frances H. Colt; John S. Combs; Sea UN Combs;Owen Connolly; Donna J. Davids; John H. Davids; Emily Glaser; Mark Glaser; Douglas W. Townsley, POA for Helen A. Crowe; John T. Ditillo; Richard W. Doyle; Shirley A. Doyle; Albert K. Dunstan; Alexander A. Dunstan; Celeste Dunstan; Christie E. Dunstan; Gloria Davis, individually and as next friend of C.D.; William F. Davis, individually and as next friend of C.D.; Christopher P.Delvecchio; individually and as next friend of J.D.; Pamela A. Delvecchio, individually and as next fried of J.D.; Jeffrey Difatta, Individually; Teresa L. Difatta, individually and as next friend of S.D.; Timothy Difatta, Individually;Vincent Difatta, individually and as next friend of S.M.D.; David P. Digiorgio, individually and as next friend of P.A.D. and M.L.G.; Mallory S. Leggedigiorgio, individually and as next friend of P.A.D. and M.L.D.; Barbara Duvall; James R. Eavers; Patsy A. Eavers; Elaine H. Ehrhardt; Jessica Carlozo; Joseph Carlozo; Nicole Carlozo; Larry L. Elliott; Laura Elliott; Paula A. Elliott; Beatrice Elmo; Peter Elmo; Ernesto Ercolano; Phyllis Ercolano; Cyrus R. Etemad–Moghadam, individually and as next friend of F.R.E–M. and R.A.E–M.; Melody A. Etemadmoghadam, individually and next friend of F.R.E–M. and R.A.E–M.; Anastasia Fakas, individually and as next friend of N.F.; John Fakas, Individually;William J. Fakas, individually and next friend of N.F.; Joan L. Falanga; Jerome K. Ferrara, as next friend of K.P.F. and N.J.F.; Kristina Ferrara, as next friend of J.L. and K.H.; Carol L. Fialkowski; George V. Fialkowski; Demetrios Filipidis, individually and as next friend of G.F.; Robin L. Filipidis, individually and as next friend of G.F.; Aileen Flanagan, as next friend of G.F.; John S. Flanagan, as next friend of G.F.; Damion M. Ford; Richard A. Ford, III; Kathleen Fox; Ronald L. Fox; Sodus Cynthia, individually and as next friend of G.G. and A.G.; Ralph M. French; Gerard Frey;John P. Fries; Barry G. Gabler, individually and as next friend of G.G. and A.G.; Audrey Gallo; Robert A. Gallo; Lynne M. Schmidt–Fries; Jo Ann E. Geare; Chelsea Gebhardt; Fred C. Gebhardt, individually and as Personal Representative of the Estate of Teri J. Gebhardt; Jocelyn Gebhardt, Individually; Peter C. Georgopoulos; Susan E. Georgopoulos; Bette L. Gill; Roxanna M. Guinan; Jeffrey Guinan; Fallon Guinan; William Gill; James D. Gilpatrick; Michaele A. Gilpatrick; Scott M. Golly; Judith H. Gould; Thomas H. Gould; Bonnie L. Grant; Robert F. Grant; Eileen M. Gretes; William G. Gretes; Melissa Griffith; Michael Griffith;Milton Griffith; Michael A. Guzman, individually and as next friend of T.G.; Stacey L. Guzman, individually and as next friend of T.G.; Shirley Hall; Steven Hall; Thelma E. Hamel; Michael Harmon, POA for William B. Harmon and individually and as next friend of Z.H.; Dawne Jabobs, individually and as next friend of Z.H.; Patricia O'Neill, Personal Representative of the Estate of Elizabeth C. Gendimenico; Megan Heagy; Michael Heagy; Patricia A. Heagy; Steven M. Heagy, Jr.; Steven M. Heagy, Sr.; Lisa R. Hesseltine, individually and as next friend of K.H.; Mark C. Hesseltine, individually and as next friend of K.H.; Barbara A. Holler; Jimmy J. Holler; Larry W. Hooper; Pamela E. Hooper; Gwyn Houston, as next friend of D.M.;Janice A. Houston, as next friend of D.M.; Rita Howarth, as next friend of P.H.; Steven E. Howarth, as next friend of P.H.; Dawne Jabobs, as next friend of K.H.; David J. Hoyt, individually and as next friend of E.E.H. and L.M.H.; Kethleen H. Hoyt, individually and as next friend of E.E.H. and L.M.H.; Virginia A. Hoyt, individually; Allison L. Hunter; Bonnie L. Hunter; James D. Hunter; Jeffrey M. Hunter; James D. Hunter, Jr.; Scott Iannantuono, as next friend of B.I., J.I. and M.I.; Kimberly S. Iannantuono, as next friend of B.I., J.I. and M.I.; Christopher Jamison, as next friend of C.J., Jr.; Michele R. Jamison, as next friend of C.J., Jr.; Harry J. Cimbolo; Arlene E. January; Glenn K. January; Stephen D. January; Michael C. Janus, individually and as next friend of A.J. and A.J.;Tammy L. Janus, individually and as next friend of A.J. and A.J.; Gregory B. Johnson, as next friends of R.J. and H.J.; Jennifer Johnson, as next friends of R.J. and H.J.; Barbara A. Jung; Walter G. Jung; Harriet F. Kahl; Henry V. Kahl; Travis Bowen, individually; ALP A. Kayabasi, individually and as next friend of C.A.K. and A.D.K.; Christy L. Kayabasi, individually and as next friend of C.A.K. and A.D.K.; Lourdes Z. Keiser; Randall S. Keiser; Colleen Kelly; Joan M. Kelly; Michael Kelly; Christina M. King, individually and as next friend of L.K.; Jacqueline M. King; Mark B. King, individually and as next friend of L.K.;Susan Kluge, as next friend of R.K. and M.K.; Brendan C. Kluge, III, individually; Brendan C. Kluge, Jr., as next friend of R.K. and M.K.; Carole A. Klunk, Individually and as Personal Representative of the Estate of Joseph A. Klunk; Sterling Lytle, Personal Representative of Estate of Harold J. Kelly; Devin Portzko; Kelly Protzko; Ryan Protzko; Leah Langrill Childs; Erika Kolakowski; Gleela D. Kolakowski; Jan E. Kolakowski; Edward D. Kosiba; Judith A. Kosiba; Kenneth E. Krausz; Marie C. Krausz; John F. Kress; Sharon J. Kress; Kevin J. Krivacsy, Individually and as Personal Representative of the Estate of Ruth A. Krivacsy;James P. Kuhlman, individually and as next friend of S.A.; Julie C. Kuhlman, individually and as next friend of S.A.K.; Scott C. Kuhlman, Individually; Mary M. Langrall; Clarke Jr. Langrall; John S. Langrill; Joshua Langrill; Linda D. Langrill; Francis X. Lauer; Judith A. Lauer; Robert S. Lindsay, Individually and as Personal Representative of the Estate of Sharon V. Lindsay; HOPE Lookingland; Michael Lookingland; Carl R. Lupica, individually and as next friend of A.C.L. and V.J.L.; Dawn L. Lupica, individually and as next friend of A.C.L. and V.J.L.; Annabel E. Lusardi, individually and as next friend of M.L., N.L. and C.L.;Thomas J. Lusardi, individually and as next friend of M.L., N.L. and C.L.; Alicia Lynch; Michael J. Lynch; Joseph E. MacAtee; Samuel MacAtee; Beth G. MacMillan, individually and as next friend of K.M., J.M. and J.M.; Paul MacMillan, individually and as next friend of K.M., J.M. and J.M.; Frederick C. Manfra; Marlene F. Manfra; Stephanie J. Manfra; John W. Marshall, individually and as next friends of O.G–M.; Paula M. Marshall, individually and as next friends of L.G–M. and M.G–M.; Brian R. Masterson; Lynn M. Masterson, Both individually and as next friend s of C.M., L.M.; Linda Mazziott; Vincent T. Mazziott; Evelyn J. Mcdermott; Tyler M. McDermott;Kathleen P. McGraw, Both individually and as next friends of J.W.M.; Lauren A. McGraw; Robert S. McGraw; Carl Wayne Mellott; Joan B. Mirarchi; Ralph J. Mirarchi; Barbara L. Moore; Charles J. Moore, III; Dennis J. Morrison; Nina Morrison; James Moulsdale; Pamela S. Moulsdale, Both individually and as next friends of M.G.M.; Isa Mufareh; Ruth E. Mufareh; Karen Nickel, Both individually and as next friends of G.N.; Scott D. Nickel; Scott Dennis Nickel, Personal Representative of the Estate of Celina M. Rossini; Laura Nocar; James M. Norman; Emily C. Novak, Both individually and as next friends of R.S.N., Jr., J.D.N., C.R.N.; Ronald S....