Almanza v. Town of Cicero, 02 C 2666.

244 F.Supp.2d 913

Rolando ALMANZA, Plaintiff, v. TOWN OF CICERO, a municipal corporation, and Cicero Police Officer Louis Drakulich, individually, Defendants.

No. 02 C 2666.

United States District Court, N.D. Illinois, Eastern Division.

February 5, 2003.

Michael William Condon, Michael D. Bersani, Jason W. Rose, Hervas, Sotos, Condon & Bersani, Itasca, IL, for plaintiff.

Dennis E. Both, Nicholas Geanopoulos, Chicago, IL, for defendants.

MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER

MORAN, Senior District Judge.

Plaintiff sued defendants, alleging various claims arising out of his arrest and subsequent conviction of a Town of Cicero ordinance violation. Defendants moved to dismiss some of the claims and, in response, plaintiff filed an amended complaint. Defendants now move for summary judgment on some of the claims.

The result in large part turns on whether an added count was timely. In count XI plaintiff seeks administrative review of the disorderly conduct conviction. Illinois law requires that such review must be sought within 35 days. A considerably longer period had passed before that count was added in the amended complaint. Plaintiff points out that a federal court has jurisdiction to review a municipal administrative action in a case otherwise properly before the court, City of Chicago v. International College of Surgeons, 522 U.S. 156, 118 S.Ct. 523, 139 L.Ed.2d 525 (1997), and he claims, without elaboration or any reference to case law, that the amendment relates back to the timely filed original complaint, pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 15(c), because it arises from the same "conduct, transaction or occurrence" as the original complaint.

The issue is considerably more complex than plaintiff suggests. The amendment invokes the supplemental jurisdiction of 28 U.S.C. § 1367 and is governed by state law. While federal procedural rules customarily trump state law, Hanna v. Plumer, 380 U.S. 460, 85 S.Ct. 1136, 14 L.Ed.2d 8 (1965), an extended limitations period does violence to Illinois law. The administrative proceeding was an action by local government to vindicate local law, not a private cause of action. The Illinois Supreme Court has made it clear that the time limit was intended to hasten the procedure of administrative review and avoid undue delay. Accordingly, it has held that the commencement within 35 days is a jurisdictional requirement. Carver v. Nail. 186 Ill.2d 554, 239 Ill.Dec. 567, 714 N.E.2d 486 (1999). By that, we believe the court determined that a timely appeal is a condition of the right to appeal and that the right expires if not timely pursued — a substantive restriction imposed by state law. See, generally, Houben v. Telular Corp., 309 F.3d 1028 (7th Cir.2002). But even if that were not so, a due regard for federal-state relations is a countervailing interest, see City of Chicago v. International College of Surgeons, supra, at 174, 118 S.Ct. 523, and, given the strong Illinois interest in a prompt appeal from an adverse determination in a quasicriminal proceeding, comity counsels against an indefinite extension of the right to appeal. See Huffman v. Pursue, Ltd., 420 U.S. 592, 95 S.Ct. 1200, 43 L.Ed.2d 482 (1975). We grant the motion for summary judgment on count XI.

That judgment is fatal to some of the other counts. Count VII alleges a state claim for malicious prosecution. As plaintiff concedes, that claim requires a prior termination in plaintiffs favor, Stephens v. Taylor, 331 Ill.App.3d 508, 264 Ill.Dec. 934, 771 N.E.2d 638 (2002), and he cannot make that showing. The state false imprisonment claim of count IV also falls because of the common law doctrine, followed by Illinois, King v. Goldsmith, 897 F.2d 885 (7th Cir.1990), that a conviction bars such a claim.

Defendants also contend that the Rooker-Feldman doctrine or Heck v. Humphrey, 512 U.S. 477, 114 S.Ct. 2364, 129 L.Ed.2d 383 (1994), or res judicata, bars a number of the claims, but that contention is somewhat more problematic. The Rooker-Feldman doctrine does not apply to administrative decisions, Van Harken v. City of Chicago, 103 F.3d 1346 (7th Cir.1997), because its reach extends only to the decisions of state courts, Narey v. Dean, 32 F.3d 1521 (11th Cir.1994), and this was a proceeding before an administrative hearing officer. Heck v. Humphrey, supra, bars any claim that would necessarily employ the invalidity of a conviction or sentence. But does Heck v. Humphrey apply to an administrative determination? The parties do not discuss that issue. The federal courts must give the same preclusive effect to state agency findings that state courts would give to them, unless Congress indicates otherwise, East Food & Liquor, Inc. v. United States, 50 F.3d 1405 (7th Cir.1995), but what preclusive effect would the state courts give to this determination? The Illinois courts do not necessarily give preclusive effect to quasi-criminal determinations, nor do the federal...