Case Law Animal Sci. Prod.s Inc. v. China Nat'l Metals & Minerals Import & Export Corp.. .

Animal Sci. Prod.s Inc. v. China Nat'l Metals & Minerals Import & Export Corp.. .

Document Cited Authorities (181) Cited in (37) Related (2)

OPINION TEXT STARTS HERE

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Robert A. Magnanini, Esq., Stone and Magnanini, LLP, Richard E. Donovan, Esq., Kelley Drye & Warren LLP, William A. Isaacson and Jennifer Milici, Esqs., Boies, Schiller & Flexner, LLP, for Plaintiffs Animal Science Products, Inc., Resco Products, Inc. and a class of similarly situated. 1

Robert J. Del Tufo, Shepard Goldfein, Michael L. Weiner, Thomas Pak and Sean M. Tepe, Esqs., Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom, LLP, for Defendants China Minmetals Corp. and China National Minerals Co., Ltd.

Donald A. Robinson and Leda Dunn Wettre, Esqs., Robinson, Wettre & Miller LLC, Nicholas L. Coch, Jonathan S. Kaplan, Timothy J. Helwick and Mark A. Baghdassarian, Esqs., Kramer Levin Naftalis & Frankel LLP, for Defendants Sinosteel Corp., Sinosteel Trading Co. and Liaoning Jiayi Metals & Minerals Co., Ltd.

OPINION

GARRETT E. BROWN, Jr., Chief Judge.

+-----------------+
¦TABLE OF CONTENTS¦
+-----------------¦
+-----------------+
 
+-----------------------------------------------------------+
¦I.  ¦Introduction                                      ¦327¦
+----+--------------------------------------------------+---¦
+----+--------------------------------------------------+---¦
¦II. ¦Procedural Background                             ¦327¦
+----+--------------------------------------------------+---¦
+----+--------------------------------------------------+---¦
¦III.¦Factual Background                                ¦329¦
+----+--------------------------------------------------+---¦
+----+--------------------------------------------------+---¦
¦IV. ¦Distinction Between the Relevant Tests and Burdens¦330¦
+-----------------------------------------------------------+
 
+------------------------------------------------------------------+
¦¦A.¦Standard and Burden Associated with Jurisdictional Inquiry¦330¦
++--+----------------------------------------------------------+---¦
¦¦B.¦Standard Associated with Pleading Underlying Claims       ¦332¦
++--+----------------------------------------------------------+---¦
¦¦C.¦Burden Associated with Asserting Abstention               ¦334¦
+------------------------------------------------------------------+
 
+-----------------------------------+
+--+----------------------------+---¦
¦V.¦Aspects Related to the FTAIA¦335¦
+-----------------------------------+
 
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
¦¦A.¦Subject Matter Jurisdiction under the Export Exception to the FTAIA  ¦335¦
¦¦  ¦Bar                                                                  ¦   ¦
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
 
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
¦¦¦1.¦Interplay Between the Sherman Act, FTAIA and Hartford Fire          ¦335¦
+++--+--------------------------------------------------------------------+---¦
¦¦¦2.¦Plaintiffs Fail to Provide Factual Proof Meeting the FTAIA Exception¦339¦
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
 
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
¦¦¦¦a.¦Paragraph One                                      ¦339¦
++++--+---------------------------------------------------+---¦
¦¦¦¦b.¦Paragraph Three                                    ¦341¦
++++--+---------------------------------------------------+---¦
¦¦¦¦c.¦Paragraph Twenty-Nine                              ¦341¦
++++--+---------------------------------------------------+---¦
¦¦¦¦d.¦Paragraph Forty-Seven                              ¦341¦
++++--+---------------------------------------------------+---¦
¦¦¦¦e.¦Paragraph Forty-Eight                              ¦344¦
++++--+---------------------------------------------------+---¦
¦¦¦¦f.¦Paragraph Forty-Nine                               ¦345¦
++++--+---------------------------------------------------+---¦
¦¦¦¦g.¦Paragraph Fifty                                    ¦346¦
++++--+---------------------------------------------------+---¦
¦¦¦¦h.¦Paragraph Fifty-One                                ¦346¦
++++--+---------------------------------------------------+---¦
¦¦¦¦i.¦Paragraph Fifty-Five                               ¦347¦
++++--+---------------------------------------------------+---¦
¦¦¦¦j.¦Paragraph Sixty-Five                               ¦349¦
++++--+---------------------------------------------------+---¦
¦¦¦¦k.¦Paragraph Seventy-Two                              ¦361¦
++++--+---------------------------------------------------+---¦
¦¦¦¦l.¦Paragraph Seventy-Five                             ¦362¦
++++--+---------------------------------------------------+---¦
¦¦¦¦m.¦Amended Complaint Fails to Meet the FTAIA Exception¦362¦
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
 
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
¦¦B.¦Subject Matter Jurisdiction Under the Introductory Clause of the     ¦362¦
¦¦  ¦FTAIA                                                                ¦   ¦
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
 
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
¦¦¦1.¦Plaintiffs' Allegations                             ¦363¦
+++--+----------------------------------------------------+---¦
¦¦¦2.¦Claim That Defendants Effectively Acted as Importers¦364¦
+-------------------------------------------------------------+
 
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
¦¦¦¦a.¦Plaintiffs' Legal Position                                        ¦365¦
++++--+------------------------------------------------------------------+---¦
¦¦¦¦b.¦Coors Does Not Lend Support to Plaintiffs' Legal Position         ¦367¦
++++--+------------------------------------------------------------------+---¦
¦¦¦¦c.¦Plaintiffs' Position Contradicts the Gist of the Third Circuit Law¦369¦
++++--+------------------------------------------------------------------+---¦
¦¦¦¦d.¦Sales to an American Intermediary or American End-Consumer        ¦374¦
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
 
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
¦¦¦3.¦Plaintiffs' Factual Proof as to Defendants' Importer Status¦375¦
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
 
+-------------------------------------------------+
¦¦¦¦a.¦Plaintiffs' Own Exhibits               ¦375¦
++++--+---------------------------------------+---¦
¦¦¦¦b.¦Discrepancies in Defendants' Statements¦376¦
++++--+---------------------------------------+---¦
¦¦¦¦c.¦Defendants' Exhibits                   ¦377¦
+-------------------------------------------------+
 
+-----------------------+
+---+---------------+---¦
¦VI.¦Leave to Amend ¦378¦
+-----------------------+
 
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
¦¦A.¦General Rule                                                      ¦378¦
++--+------------------------------------------------------------------+---¦
¦¦B.¦Implications of Twombly, Iqbal and Factual Review Under Turicentro¦380¦
++--+------------------------------------------------------------------+---¦
¦¦C.¦Limited Leave to Amend Is in the Interests of Justice             ¦382¦
++--+------------------------------------------------------------------+---¦
¦¦D.¦Prudential Considerations                                         ¦384¦
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
 
+----------------------------------------+
+----+-------------------------------+---¦
¦VII.¦The FSIA and Abstention Aspects¦384¦
+----------------------------------------+
 
+-------------------------------+
¦¦A.¦Standard of Review     ¦385¦
++--+-----------------------+---¦
¦¦B.¦Applicable Legal Tests ¦385¦
+-------------------------------+
 
+----------------------------------+
¦¦¦1.¦The FSIA                 ¦385¦
+++--+-------------------------+---¦
¦¦¦2.¦The Act of State Doctrine¦388¦
+++--+-------------------------+---¦
¦¦¦3.¦The Concept of Comity    ¦389¦
+++--+-------------------------+---¦
¦¦¦4.¦Government Compulsion    ¦391¦
+----------------------------------+
 
+---------------------------------------------------------+
¦¦C.¦Parties' Relevant Exhibits and Factual Assertions¦394¦
+---------------------------------------------------------+
 
+----------------------------------+
¦¦¦1.¦Defendants' Moving Papers¦394¦
+++--+-------------------------+---¦
¦¦¦2.¦Plaintiffs' Opposition   ¦397¦
+++--+-------------------------+---¦
¦¦¦3.¦Defendants' Reply        ¦400¦
+----------------------------------+
 
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
¦¦D.¦Relevant Legal Proceedings and Evidence Submitted Therein¦401¦
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
 
+---------------------------------------------------------+
¦¦¦1.¦Judicial Notice and the Concept of Stare Decisis¦401¦
+++--+------------------------------------------------+---¦
¦¦¦2.¦Antidumping and Countervailing Proceedings      ¦403¦
+---------------------------------------------------------+
 
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
¦¦¦¦a.¦European Union Proceedings                               ¦405¦
++++--+---------------------------------------------------------+---¦
¦¦¦¦b.¦Proceedings Before the International Trade Administration¦409¦
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
 
+-------------------------------+
¦¦¦3.¦Antitrust Proceedings ¦410¦
+-------------------------------+
 
...
5 cases
Document | U.S. District Court — District of New Jersey – 2014
Animal Sci. Prods., Inc. v. China Minmetals Corp.
"...deprived it of subject matter jurisdiction, and dismissed the Amended Complaint. See Animal Science Prods. Inc. v. China Nat'l Metals & Minerals Imp. & Exp. Corp., 702 F.Supp.2d 320 (D.N.J.2010) ; ECF Nos. 112, 113. Plaintiffs appealed.Noting that it was overturning existing precedent, the ..."
Document | U.S. District Court — District of New Jersey – 2014
Thomas v. Adams
"...of the claim showing that the pleader is entitled to relief.” Fed.R.Civ.P. 8(a)(2) ; see Animal Sci. Prods. v. China Nat'l Metals & Minerals Imp. & Exp. Corp., 702 F.Supp.2d 320, 380–81 (D.N.J.2010) (addressing the effect of Twombly on a pleading filed during the Conley reign and citing Sch..."
Document | U.S. Court of Appeals — Second Circuit – 2021
Animal Sci. Prods., Inc. v. Hebei Welcome Pharm. Co. (In re Vitamin C Antitrust Litig.)
"...of Appeals did not have occasion to reach the issues we address in today's decision. See Animal Sci. Prods., Inc. v. China Nat. Metals & Mins. Imp. & Exp. Corp. , 702 F. Supp. 2d 320 (D.N.J. 2010), vacated and remanded sub nom. Animal Sci. Prods., Inc. v. China Minmetals Corp. , 654 F.3d 46..."
Document | U.S. District Court — District of New Jersey – 2012
Harris v. Bristol-Myers Squibb Co.
"...abstention bears the burden of showing that abstention is the appropriate course. See Animal Sci. Prods., Inc. v. China Nat. Metals & Minerals Imp. & Exp. Corp., 702 F. Supp. 2d 320, 334 (D.N.J. 2010); Sheerbonnet v. American Express Bank, Ltd., 17 F.3d 46, 49 (2d Cir. 1994) (given "the vir..."
Document | U.S. District Court — Eastern District of New York – 2011
In re Vitamin C Antitrust Litig.
"...whether defendant “went beyond the scope of the cartel as the Canadian Government defined it”).B. Animal Science and the FSC Defense In Animal Science, the court addressed the FSC defense, concluding that the only pertinent question in determining the applicability of the FSC defense was wh..."

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5 books and journal articles
Document | Procedural issues – 2015
Table of Cases
"...Corp., 654 F.3d 462 (3d Cir. 2011), 35, 36, 38, 46, 364 Animal Sci. Prods., Inc. v. China Nat’l Metals & Minerals Import & Exp. Corp., 702 F. Supp. 2d 320 (D.N.J. 2010), 45, 46 Anonymous v. Kaye, 987 F. Supp. 131 (N.D.N.Y. 1998), 130 Anschutz Corp. v. Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc., 785 F. Supp...."
Document | An introduction to the scope of antitrust – 2015
The International Scope of U.S. Antitrust
"...industry before the World Trade Organization). But see Animal Sci. Prods., Inc. v. China Nat’l Metals & Minerals Import & Exp. Corp.,702 F. Supp. 2d 320 46 A Handbook on the Scope of Antitrust 4. Foreign Sovereign Compulsion Another exemption applies when a foreign government forces or requ..."
Document | Antitrust Law Developments (Ninth Edition) - Volume II – 2022
Antitrust and International Commerce
"...of Bol., 930 F.2d 1013, 108 (2d Cir. 1999)); see also Animal Sci. Prods., Inc. v. China Nat’l Metals & Minerals Imp. & Exp. Corp., 702 F. Supp. 2d 320, 420 (D.N.J. 2010), rev’d , 654 F.3d 462 (3d Cir. 2011) (“in the event the focus (or, at least, the end-goal) of Defendants’ business endeav..."
Document | Vol. 168 Núm. 6, May 2020 – 2020
ILLIBERAL LAW IN AMERICAN COURTS.
"...2011) (interpreting Chinese export regulations); Animal Sci. Prods., Inc. v. China Nat'l Metals & Mineral Imp. & Exp. Corp., 702 F. Supp. 2d 320, 441-452 (D.N.J. 2010) (analyzing export-related working rules, notices, and measures issued by the Chinese Ministry of Commerce), vacated..."
Document | Núm. 64-3, 2015
From Sea to Shining Sea: a New Approach to Interpreting the Foreign Trade Antitrust Improvements Act
"...FTAIA's reasonably foreseeable requirement.192. Id.193. Animal Sci. Prods., Inc. v. China Nat'l Metals & Minerals Imp. & Exp. Corp., 702 F. Supp. 2d 320, 349 (D.N.J. 2010), rev'd sub nom. Animal Sci. Prods., Inc. v. China Minmetals Corp., 654 F.3d 462, 471 (3d Cir. 2011).194. See Animal Sci..."

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2 firm's commentaries
Document | JD Supra United States – 2016
Business Litigation Report - November 2016
"...liability based on the obligations imposed by Chinese regulations. For example, in Animal Science Products, Inc. v. China National Metals & Minerals Import & Export Corp., 702 F. Supp. 2d 320 (D.N.J. 2010), the District of New Jersey granted a motion to dismiss antitrust claims brought agai..."
Document | Mondaq United States – 2011
An Overseas Sea Change For U.S. Antitrust Laws? New Developments In The Interpretation Of The Foreign Trade Antitrust Improvements Act
"...69 (3d Cir. 2000). Animal Science at 6 (citing Animal Science Prods., Inc. v. China Nat'l Metals & Minerals Imp. & Exp. Corp., 702 F. Supp. 2d 320 (D.N.J. 2010)); see also Carpet Group, 227 F.3d at 65-70 (describing extensive evidentiary submissions, not all of which were credited, ..."

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5 books and journal articles
Document | Procedural issues – 2015
Table of Cases
"...Corp., 654 F.3d 462 (3d Cir. 2011), 35, 36, 38, 46, 364 Animal Sci. Prods., Inc. v. China Nat’l Metals & Minerals Import & Exp. Corp., 702 F. Supp. 2d 320 (D.N.J. 2010), 45, 46 Anonymous v. Kaye, 987 F. Supp. 131 (N.D.N.Y. 1998), 130 Anschutz Corp. v. Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc., 785 F. Supp...."
Document | An introduction to the scope of antitrust – 2015
The International Scope of U.S. Antitrust
"...industry before the World Trade Organization). But see Animal Sci. Prods., Inc. v. China Nat’l Metals & Minerals Import & Exp. Corp.,702 F. Supp. 2d 320 46 A Handbook on the Scope of Antitrust 4. Foreign Sovereign Compulsion Another exemption applies when a foreign government forces or requ..."
Document | Antitrust Law Developments (Ninth Edition) - Volume II – 2022
Antitrust and International Commerce
"...of Bol., 930 F.2d 1013, 108 (2d Cir. 1999)); see also Animal Sci. Prods., Inc. v. China Nat’l Metals & Minerals Imp. & Exp. Corp., 702 F. Supp. 2d 320, 420 (D.N.J. 2010), rev’d , 654 F.3d 462 (3d Cir. 2011) (“in the event the focus (or, at least, the end-goal) of Defendants’ business endeav..."
Document | Vol. 168 Núm. 6, May 2020 – 2020
ILLIBERAL LAW IN AMERICAN COURTS.
"...2011) (interpreting Chinese export regulations); Animal Sci. Prods., Inc. v. China Nat'l Metals & Mineral Imp. & Exp. Corp., 702 F. Supp. 2d 320, 441-452 (D.N.J. 2010) (analyzing export-related working rules, notices, and measures issued by the Chinese Ministry of Commerce), vacated..."
Document | Núm. 64-3, 2015
From Sea to Shining Sea: a New Approach to Interpreting the Foreign Trade Antitrust Improvements Act
"...FTAIA's reasonably foreseeable requirement.192. Id.193. Animal Sci. Prods., Inc. v. China Nat'l Metals & Minerals Imp. & Exp. Corp., 702 F. Supp. 2d 320, 349 (D.N.J. 2010), rev'd sub nom. Animal Sci. Prods., Inc. v. China Minmetals Corp., 654 F.3d 462, 471 (3d Cir. 2011).194. See Animal Sci..."

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5 cases
Document | U.S. District Court — District of New Jersey – 2014
Animal Sci. Prods., Inc. v. China Minmetals Corp.
"...deprived it of subject matter jurisdiction, and dismissed the Amended Complaint. See Animal Science Prods. Inc. v. China Nat'l Metals & Minerals Imp. & Exp. Corp., 702 F.Supp.2d 320 (D.N.J.2010) ; ECF Nos. 112, 113. Plaintiffs appealed.Noting that it was overturning existing precedent, the ..."
Document | U.S. District Court — District of New Jersey – 2014
Thomas v. Adams
"...of the claim showing that the pleader is entitled to relief.” Fed.R.Civ.P. 8(a)(2) ; see Animal Sci. Prods. v. China Nat'l Metals & Minerals Imp. & Exp. Corp., 702 F.Supp.2d 320, 380–81 (D.N.J.2010) (addressing the effect of Twombly on a pleading filed during the Conley reign and citing Sch..."
Document | U.S. Court of Appeals — Second Circuit – 2021
Animal Sci. Prods., Inc. v. Hebei Welcome Pharm. Co. (In re Vitamin C Antitrust Litig.)
"...of Appeals did not have occasion to reach the issues we address in today's decision. See Animal Sci. Prods., Inc. v. China Nat. Metals & Mins. Imp. & Exp. Corp. , 702 F. Supp. 2d 320 (D.N.J. 2010), vacated and remanded sub nom. Animal Sci. Prods., Inc. v. China Minmetals Corp. , 654 F.3d 46..."
Document | U.S. District Court — District of New Jersey – 2012
Harris v. Bristol-Myers Squibb Co.
"...abstention bears the burden of showing that abstention is the appropriate course. See Animal Sci. Prods., Inc. v. China Nat. Metals & Minerals Imp. & Exp. Corp., 702 F. Supp. 2d 320, 334 (D.N.J. 2010); Sheerbonnet v. American Express Bank, Ltd., 17 F.3d 46, 49 (2d Cir. 1994) (given "the vir..."
Document | U.S. District Court — Eastern District of New York – 2011
In re Vitamin C Antitrust Litig.
"...whether defendant “went beyond the scope of the cartel as the Canadian Government defined it”).B. Animal Science and the FSC Defense In Animal Science, the court addressed the FSC defense, concluding that the only pertinent question in determining the applicability of the FSC defense was wh..."

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2 firm's commentaries
Document | JD Supra United States – 2016
Business Litigation Report - November 2016
"...liability based on the obligations imposed by Chinese regulations. For example, in Animal Science Products, Inc. v. China National Metals & Minerals Import & Export Corp., 702 F. Supp. 2d 320 (D.N.J. 2010), the District of New Jersey granted a motion to dismiss antitrust claims brought agai..."
Document | Mondaq United States – 2011
An Overseas Sea Change For U.S. Antitrust Laws? New Developments In The Interpretation Of The Foreign Trade Antitrust Improvements Act
"...69 (3d Cir. 2000). Animal Science at 6 (citing Animal Science Prods., Inc. v. China Nat'l Metals & Minerals Imp. & Exp. Corp., 702 F. Supp. 2d 320 (D.N.J. 2010)); see also Carpet Group, 227 F.3d at 65-70 (describing extensive evidentiary submissions, not all of which were credited, ..."

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