Bank of N.Y. Mellon v. Singh

205 A.D.3d 866

166 N.Y.S.3d 555 (Mem)

BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON, etc., respondent,

v.Gurdip SINGH, appellant, et al., defendants.

2018–13448

Index No. 15134/14

Supreme Court, Appellate Division, Second Department, New York.

Submitted—January 27, 2022

May 18, 2022

Charles Wallshein, Melville, NY, for appellant.

BETSY BARROS, J.P., REINALDO E. RIVERA, PAUL WOOTEN, WILLIAM G. FORD, JJ.

DECISION & ORDER

In an action to foreclose a mortgage, the defendant Gurdip Singh appeals from an order and judgment of foreclosure and sale of the Supreme Court, Queens County (Kevin J. Kerrigan, J.), entered June 29, 2018. The order and judgment of foreclosure and sale, upon an order of the same court entered December 28, 2017, granting the plaintiff's motion to confirm a referee's report and for a judgment of foreclosure and sale, and denying that defendant's cross motion to dismiss the complaint insofar as asserted against him for failure to comply with RPAPL 1304, among other things, directed the sale of the subject property.

ORDERED that the order and judgment of foreclosure and sale is reversed, on the law, without costs or disbursements, the plaintiff's motion to confirm the referee's report and for a judgment of foreclosure and sale is denied, the referee's report is rejected, the order entered December 28, 2017, is modified accordingly, and the matter is remitted to the Supreme Court, Queens County, for a new report computing the amount due to the plaintiff, followed by further proceedings in accordance with CPLR 4403 and the entry of an appropriate amended judgment thereafter.

On October 15, 2014, the plaintiff commenced this action against the defendant Gurdip Singh (hereinafter the defendant), among others, to foreclose a mortgage on residential property. In its complaint, the plaintiff alleged that it complied with RPAPL 1304, and, in his answer, the defendant, in effect, denied that allegation. Thereafter, the plaintiff moved, among other things, for summary judgment on the complaint insofar as asserted against the defendant, to strike his answer, and for an order of reference, arguing, inter alia, that it complied with RPAPL 1304. The defendant opposed the plaintiff's motion, but did not contest the plaintiff's argument that it had complied with RPAPL 1304. In an order entered August 18, 2016, the Supreme Court, among other things, granted those branches of the plaintiff's motion, and referred the matter to a referee to ascertain and compute the amount due to the plaintiff.

Thereafter, the plaintiff moved to confirm the referee's report and for a judgment of foreclosure and sale. The defendant cross-moved to dismiss the complaint insofar as asserted against him for failure to comply with RPAPL 1304. In an order entered December 28, 2017, the Supreme Court granted the plaintiff's motion and denied the defendant's cross motion. The court entered a judgment of foreclosure and sale on June 29, 2018. The defendant appeals.

" ‘The doctrine of the law of the case seeks to prevent relitigation of issues of law that have already been determined at an earlier stage of the proceeding’ " ( Ahmed v. Carrington Mtge. Servs., LLC, 189 A.D.3d 960, 962, 133 N.Y.S.3d 889, quoting Brownrigg v. New York City Hous. Auth., 29 A.D.3d 721, 722, 815 N.Y.S.2d 681 ). It is a "judicially crafted policy that expresses the practice of courts generally to refuse to reopen what has been decided, and is not a limit to their power. As such, law of the case is necessarily amorphous in that it directs a court's discretion, but does not restrict its authority" ( Ahmed v. Carrington Mtge. Servs., LLC, 189 A.D.3d at 962, 133 N.Y.S.3d 889 [alterations and internal quotations marks omitted]).

Contrary to the defendant's contention, the Supreme Court providently exercised its discretion in determining that the doctrine of law of the case precluded its reconsideration of whether the...