Carr v. Haas

163 A.D.3d 1212

80 N.Y.S.3d 716

Brian P. CARR, Appellant,

v. Michael R. HAAS et al., Defendants,andMarsh USA, Inc., et al., Respondents.

525461

Supreme Court, Appellate Division, Third Department, New York.

Calendar Date: May 29, 2018

Decided and Entered: July 12, 2018

Brian Carr, Albany, appellant pro se.

Goldberg Segalla LLP, Albany (William H. Baaki of counsel), for Marsh USA, Inc., respondent.

Traub Lieberman Straus and Shrewsberry LLP, Hawthorne (Gregory Perrotta of counsel), for Greenwich Insurance Company and another, respondents.

Before: Garry, P.J., McCarthy, Clark, Rumsey and Pritzker, JJ.

MEMORANDUM AND ORDER

Clark, J.

Appeals (1) from an order of the Supreme Court (Ryba, J.), entered December 23, 2016 in Albany County, which, among other things, granted certain defendants' motions for dismissal of the amended complaint against them, and (2) from an order of said court, entered August 7, 2017 in Albany County, which finalized a stipulation of discontinuance.

In December 2015, plaintiff's car was allegedly damaged when it was struck by a tractor trailer owned by defendant Brenntag Northeast, Inc., a subsidiary of defendant Brenntag North America, Inc. (hereinafter collectively referred to as Brenntag), driven by defendant Michael R. Haas, Brenntag's employee, and insured by defendants Greenwich Insurance Company and XL Insurance America, Inc. (hereinafter collectively referred to as XL Insurance). As a result, plaintiff commenced the instant action asserting a direct cause of action for property damage against Haas, Brenntag and XL Insurance and a second cause of action sounding in fraud, premised upon a purported scheme to withhold the true identity of the tractor trailer's insurer, against all named defendants except Haas. Defendant Marsh USA, Inc., Brenntag's insurance broker, defendant Sedgwick Claims Management Service, Inc., Brenntag's claims adjuster, and XL Insurance separately moved for dismissal of the amended complaint (see CPLR 3211, 3212 ). Plaintiff opposed all three motions and also cross-moved to amend his amended complaint and to compel certain disclosure from Haas, Brenntag and Marsh USA. In December 2016, Supreme Court granted the motions by Marsh USA, Sedgwick and XL Insurance, dismissing the amended complaint against them, and denied plaintiff's cross motion in its entirety.¹ In August 2017, following settlement negotiations and upon plaintiff's consent, Supreme Court finalized a stipulation of discontinuance, discontinuing all causes of action, with prejudice, against Haas, Brenntag and Sedgwick. Plaintiff appeals from both the December 2016 order and the August 2017 order.

Initially, plaintiff's appeal from Supreme Court's August 2017 order must be dismissed, as no appeal lies from an order entered upon consent (see CPLR 5511 ; Matter of O'Sullivan v. Schebilski, 138 A.D.3d 1170, 1172, 30 N.Y.S.3d 351 [2016] ; Matter of Daniel B., 127 A.D.3d 1178, 1179, 5 N.Y.S.3d 911 [2015] ; Cooper v. Number 535 Park Ave., 73 A.D.3d 433, 434, 899 N.Y.S.2d 599 [2010] ; United Tit. Agency, LLC v. Surfside–3 Mar., Inc., 65 A.D.3d 1134, 1134, 885 N.Y.S.2d 334 [2009] ). As the August 2017 order discontinued the instant action against Haas, Brenntag and Sedgwick only, we will evaluate the December 2016 order only as to XL Insurance and Marsh USA (hereinafter collectively referred to as defendants).

Turning to the December 2016 order, we agree with Supreme Court that plaintiff lacks standing to sue XL Insurance for payment of his property damages claim. It is well-established that a plaintiff has no common-law right to seek relief directly from a tortfeasor's insurer due to the lack of privity between them (see Lang v. Hanover Ins. Co., 3 N.Y.3d 350, 353–354, 787 N.Y.S.2d 211, 820 N.E.2d 855 [2004] ; GM Broadcasting, Inc. v. Cornelius Enters., LLC, 156 A.D.3d 1038, 1039–1040, 66 N.Y.S.3d 548 [2017] ; National Union Fire Ins. Co. of Pittsburgh, Pa. v. State of New York, 72 A.D.3d 620, 620–621, 901 N.Y.S.2d 176 [2010], lv denied 16 N.Y.3d 703, 2011 WL 135684 [2011] ). Insurance Law § 3420 creates a limited statutory cause of action on behalf of injured parties directly against insurers, but that provision is only applicable where the injured party has obtained a judgment against the insured and the judgment has gone unsatisfied for 30 days (see Insurance Law § 3420[b][1]–[3] ; Lang v. Hanover Ins. Co., 3 N.Y.3d at 354, 787 N.Y.S.2d 211, 820 N.E.2d 855 ; GM Broadcasting, Inc. v. Cornelius Enters., LLC, 156 A.D.3d at 1040, 66 N.Y.S.3d 548 ). Here, it is undisputed that plaintiff has not obtained a judgment against Brenntag, which is a condition precedent to a direct suit against XL Insurance as Brenntag's insurer; thus, plaintiff cannot avail himself of the limited statutory cause of action (see Lang v. Hanover Ins. Co., 3 N.Y.3d at 355, 787 N.Y.S.2d 211, 820 N.E.2d 855 ; GM Broadcasting, Inc. v. Cornelius Enters., LLC, 156 A.D.3d at 1040, 66 N.Y.S.3d 548 ; National Union Fire Ins. Co. of Pittsburgh, Pa. v. State of New York, 72 A.D.3d at 621, 901 N.Y.S.2d 176 ; Azad v. Capparelli, 51 A.D.3d 956, 956, 858 N.Y.S.2d 393 [2008] ).

We also agree with Supreme Court that plaintiff's cause of action sounding in fraud was not pleaded with sufficient particularity to satisfy CPLR 3016(b). A cause of action sounding in fraud requires that there be a material misrepresentation of an existing fact, made with knowledge of the falsity, an intent to induce reliance thereon, justifiable reliance upon the misrepresentation and damages (see Eurycleia Partners, LP v. Seward & Kissel, LLP, 12 N.Y.3d 553, 559, 883 N.Y.S.2d 147, 910 N.E.2d 976 [2009] ; Cruciata v. O'Donnell & McLaughlin, Esqs., 149 A.D.3d 1034, 1035, 53 N.Y.S.3d 328 [2017] ).

In his complaint, plaintiff broadly alleges that defendants "knowingly misrepresented the required insurance carrier for the [tractor trailer]," "engaged in a practice of obscuring and delaying any claims without any serious effort to reach an equitable settlement" and are "pursuing [a] strategy of confusion and misrepresentations for profit." He bases these allegations on the fact that the insurance card provided by Haas at the time of the accident failed to specify the tractor trailer's insurer and that his subsequent...