Hawaii v. Trump

878 F.3d 662

State of HAWAII; Ismail Elshikh; John Does, 1 & 2; Muslim Association Of Hawaii, Inc., Plaintiffs-Appellees,

v.Donald J. TRUMP, in his official capacity as President of the United States; U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Kirstjen M. Nielsen, in her official capacity as Secretary of Homeland Security; U.S. Department of State; Rex W. Tillerson, in his official capacity as Secretary of State; United States of America, Defendants-Appellants.

No. 17-17168

United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit.

Argued and Submitted December 6, 2017—Seattle, Washington

December 22, 2017

Hashim M. Mooppan (argued), Deputy Assistant Attorney General; Sharon Swingle, H. Thomas Byron III, and Lowell V. Sturgill Jr., Appellate Staff; Chad A. Readler, Acting Assistant Attorney General; Jeffrey B. Wall and Edwin S. Kneedler, Deputy Solicitors General; Noel J. Francisco, Solicitor General; Civil Division, United States Department of Justice, Washington, D.C.; for Defendants-Appellants.

Mitchell P. Reich (argued), Neal Kumar Katyal (argued), Colleen Roh Sinzdak, Elizabeth Hagerty, Yuri S. Fuchs, Sundeep Iyer, and Reedy C. Swanson, Hogan Lovells US LLP, Washington, D.C.; Thomas P. Schmidt, Hogan Lovells US LLP, New York, New York; Sara Solow and Alexander B. Bowerman, Hogan Lovells US LLP, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Deirdre Marie-Iha, Donna H. Kalama, Kimberly T. Guidry, Robert T. Nakatsuji, Kaliko'Onalani D. Fernandes, and Kevin M. Richardson, Deputy Attorneys General; Clyde J. Wadsworth, Solicitor General; Douglas S. Chin, Attorney General; Department of the Attorney General, Honolulu, Hawaii; for Plaintiffs-Appellees.

Eric T. Schneiderman, Attorney General; Barbara D. Underwood, Solicitor General; Anisha S. Dasgupta, Deputy Solicitor General; Zainab A. Chaudhry, Assistant Solicitor General of Counsel; Office of the Attorney General, New York, New York; Lisa Madigan, Attorney General; David L. Franklin, Solicitor General; Office of the Attorney General, Chicago, Illinois; Xavier Becerra, Attorney General, Office of the Attorney General, Sacramento, California; George Jepsen, Attorney General, Office of the Attorney General, Hartford, Connecticut; Matthew P. Denn, Attorney General, Delaware Department of Justice, Wilmington, Delaware; Thomas J. Miller, Attorney General, Office of the Attorney General, Des Moines, Iowa; Janet T. Mills, Attorney General, Office of the Attorney General, Augusta, Maine; Brian E. Frosh, Attorney General, Attorney General's Office, Baltimore, Maryland; Maura Healey, Attorney General, Attorney General's Office, Boston, Massachusetts; Hector Balderas, Attorney General, Office of the Attorney General, Santa Fe, New Mexico; Ellen F. Rosenblum, Attorney General, Office of the Attorney General, Salem, Oregon; Peter F. Kilmartin, Attorney General, Office of the Attorney General, Providence, Rhode Island; Thomas J. Donovan Jr., Attorney General, Office of the Attorney General, Montpelier, Vermont; Mark R. Herring, Attorney General, Office of the Attorney General, Richmond, Virginia; Robert W. Ferguson, Attorney General, Office of the Attorney General, Seattle, Washington; Karl A. Racine, Attorney General, Office of the Attorney General, Washington, D.C.; for Amici Curiae States of New York, Illinois, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Mexico, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Washington, the Commonwealth of Virginia, and the District of Columbia.

Scott A. Keller, Solicitor General; J. Campbell Barker, Deputy Solicitor General; Ari Cuenin, Assistant Solicitor General; Ken Paxton, Attorney General; Jeffrey C. Mateer, First Assistant Attorney General; Office of the Attorney General, Austin, Texas; for Amici Curiae States of Texas, Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Florida, Kansas, Louisiana, Missouri, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, and West Virginia.

Richard D. Bernstein, Willkie Farr & Gallagher LLP, Washington, D.C., for Amicus Curiae T.A., a U.S. Resident of Yemeni Descent.

Amir H. Ali, Washington, D.C., as and for Amicus Curiae Roderick & Solange MacArthur Justice Center.

Nicole G. Berner, Deborah L. Smith, and Leo Gertner, Service Employees International Union, Washington, D.C.; Judith Rivlin, American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees, Washington, D.C.; David J. Strom, American Federation of Teachers, AFL-CIO, Washington, D.C.; Jody Calemine, Communications Workers of America, Washington, D.C.; Niraj R. Ganatra and Ava Barbour ; International Union, United Automobile, Aerospace and Agricultural Implement Workers of America; Detroit, Michigan; Mario Martínez, Martínez Aguilasocho & Lynch APLC, Bakersfield, California; Nicholas Clark, United Food and Commercial Workers, Washington, D.C.; for Amici Curiae International Labor Organizations.

Lynne Bernabei and Alan R. Kabat, Bernabei & Kabat PLLC, Washington, D.C., for Amici Curiae Civil Rights Organizations, National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, Advocates for Youth, Center for Reproductive Rights, Chicago Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights under Law, The Judge David L. Bazelon Center for Mental Health Law, Mississippi Center for Lesbian Rights, National Urban League, Southern Coalition for Social Justice, and The Washington Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights and Urban Affairs.

Aaron X. Fellmeth, Sandra Day O'Connor College of Law, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona; Joseph M. McMillan and Michelle L. Maley, Perkins Coie LLP, Seattle, Washington; for Amici Curiae International Law Scholars and Nongovernmental Organizations.

Benjamin G. Shatz, Amy Briggs, John W. McGuinness, Sirena Castillo, Matthew Bottomly, Olufunmilayo Showole, Ketakee Kane, and Eve Torres, Manatt Phelps & Phillips LLP, Los Angeles, California, for Amici Curiae Muslim Justice League, Muslim Public Affairs Council, and Council of American-Islamic Relations California.

Marc A. Hearron, Sophia M. Brill, and Sandeep N. Nandivada, Morrison & Foerster LLP, Washington, D.C.; Jennifer K. Brown and Amanda Aikman, Morrison & Foerster LLP, New York, New York; Purvi G. Patel, Morrison & Foerster LLP, Los Angeles, California; for Amici Curiae Interfaith Group of Religious and Interreligious Organizations and Clergy Members.

Fatma Marouf, Fort Worth, Texas; Sabrineh Ardalan, Philip L. Torrey, Nathan MacKenzie, Dalia Deak, Niku Jafarnia, and Rachel Kroll, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Geoffrey Hoffman, Houston, Texas; Karla McKanders, Nashville, Tennessee; for Amici Curiae Immigration Law Scholars on Statutory Claims.

Donald Francis Donovan, David W. Rivkin, Jennifer R. Cowan, and Elizabeth Nielsen, Debevoise & Plimpton LLP, New York, New York; Ilana H. Eisenstein, John M. Leitner, and Ryan S. Macpherson, DLA Piper LLP (US), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; for Amicus Curiae International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute.

Elizabeth B. Wydra, Brianne J. Gorod, and David H. Gans, Constitutional Accountability Center, Washington, D.C.; Raymond H. Brescia, Albany, New York; Peter Karanjia and Geoffrey Brounell, Davis Wright Tremaine LLP, Washington, D.C.; Victor A. Kovner, Davis Wright Tremaine LLP, New York, New York; for Amici Curiae Members of Congress.

Christopher J. Hajec, Julie B. Axelrod, Michael M. Hethmon, Elizabeth A. Hohenstein, and Mark S. Venezia, Washington, D.C., as and for Amicus Curiae Immigration Reform Law Institute.

Cameron C. Russell, David Y. Livshiz, and Karen Wiswall, Freshfields Bruckhaus & Deringer US LLP, New York, New York; Daniel Braun and Peter Jaffe, Freshfields Bruckhaus & Deringer US LLP, Washington, D.C.; for Amicus Curiae The Cato Institute.

Meir Feder, Rasha Gerges Shields, and Rajeev Mittreja, Jones Day, New York, New York; Catherine Y. Kim, New York, New York; Judith Resnik, New Haven, Connecticut; Burt Neuborne, New York, New York; Lucas Guttentag, Palo Alto, California; for Amici Curiae Professors of Federal Courts Jurisprudence, Constitutional Law, and Immigration Law.

Lindsay C. Harrison, Thomas J. Perrilli, and Tassity S. Johnson, Jenner & Block LLP, Washington, D.C.; for Amici Curiae Boston University, Brandeis University, Brown University, Bucknell University, Carnegie Mellon University, Case Western Reserve University, Columbia University, Cornell University, Dartmouth College, Duke University, Emory University, George Washington University, Georgetown University, Harvard University, Johns Hopkins University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Middlebury College, Northeastern University, Northwestern University, Princeton University, Rice University, Stanford University, Tufts University, University of Chicago, University of Michigan, University of Pennsylvania, University of Southern California, Vanderbilt University, Washington University, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, and Yale University.

Benna Ruth Solomon, Deputy Corporation Counsel; Edward N. Siskel, Corporation Counsel; Andrew W. Worseck, Chief Assistant Corporation Counsel; Carl Newman, Sara K. Hornstra, and Jonathon D. Byrer, Assistant Corporation Counsel; Department of Law, Chicago, Illinois; Nick Kahlon, Riley Safer Holmes & Cancila LLP, Chicago, Illinois; Ryan P. Poscablo, Brian Neff, and Eliberty Lopez, Riley Safer Holmes & Cancila LLP, New York, New York; Michael N. Feuer, Los Angeles City Attorney, Los Angeles, California; Zachary W. Carter, Corporation Counsel, New York Law Department, New York, New York; Sozi Pedro Tulante, City Solicitor, Law Department, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; John Danial Reaves, Washington, D.C.; for Amici Curiae Chicago, Los Angeles, New York, Philadelphia, and other Cities and Counties, joined by the U.S. Conference of Mayors.

Richard B. Katskee, Eric Rothschild, and Kelly M. Percival, Americans United for Separation of Church and State, Washington, D.C.; Elliot M. Mincberg and Diane Laviolette, People for the American Way Foundation, Washington, D.C.; Gillian B. Gillers, Kristi L. Graunke, and Naomi R. Tsu, Southern Poverty Law Center, Decatur, Georgia; Susan L. Sommer, Lambda Legal...