Morales v. Goicochea

175 A.D.3d 1294

109 N.Y.S.3d 459

In the Matter of Martha C. MORALES, Petitioner,

v.Jose GOICOCHEA, Jr., Respondent;

Charlize G. (Anonymous), et al., Nonparty-Appellants.

2018–02677

Docket Nos. V–419–15, V–420–15

Supreme Court, Appellate Division, Second Department, New York.

Submitted - June 11, 2019

September 11, 2019

Daniel E. Lubetsky, Jamaica, NY, attorney for the children, the nonparty-appellants.

Tammi D. Pere, Jamaica, NY, for petitioner.

JOHN M. LEVENTHAL, J.P., JOSEPH J. MALTESE, BETSY BARROS, FRANCESCA E. CONNOLLY, JJ.

DECISION & ORDER

In a proceeding pursuant to Family Court Act article 6, the children appeal from an order of the Family Court, Queens County (Juanita E. Wing, Ct. Atty. Ref.), dated January 25, 2018. The order granted the father's motion, made at the close of the mother's case, to dismiss the mother's petition to modify an order of custody and parental access of the same court dated January 28, 2015, for failure to establish a prima facie case, and dismissed the petition.

ORDERED that the order dated January 25, 2018, is reversed, on the law, without costs or disbursements, the father's motion to dismiss the petition is denied, the petition is reinstated, and the matter is remitted to the Family Court, Queens County, for further proceedings in accordance herewith.

The parties have two children together. An order of the Family Court dated January 28, 2015 (hereinafter the January 2015 order), provided, inter alia, that the parties were to have joint physical and legal custody of the children, with the children alternating every week between the parties' homes. In June 2016, the mother filed a petition to modify the January 2015 order so as to award her primary physical custody of the children. The father interposed an answer, in which he opposed the relief sought by the mother, contending that there had been no change of circumstances. However, the father also asserted that the parties had orally agreed to modify the January 2015 order so as to have the children alternate between the parties' homes every two weeks, instead of every week.

At a hearing on her petition, the mother testified, and the Family Court conducted in camera interviews of the children, who were 11 and 12 years old, respectively, at the time. At the close of the mother's case, the father moved to dismiss the petition on the ground that the mother failed to establish a prima facie case of showing a change of circumstances. The father contended, inter alia, that the children's alleged preference to reside primarily with the mother, without more, was insufficient to establish a change of circumstances. Both the mother and the children opposed the father's motion. In an order dated January 25, 2018, the court granted the father's motion to dismiss the mother's petition, and dismissed the petition. The children appeal (see Matter of Newton v. McFarlane, 174 A.D.3d 67, 103 N.Y.S.3d 445 ).

"An order of custody or visitation may be modified only upon a showing that there has been a subsequent change of circumstances such that modification is required to ensure the best interests of the child" ( Matter of Bacchus v. McGregor, 147 A.D.3d 1049, 1050, 48 N.Y.S.3d 683 [internal quotation marks omitted]; Matter of Cruz v. Figueroa, 132 A.D.3d 669, 669, 17 N.Y.S.3d 503 ; Matter of C.H. v. F.M., 130 A.D.3d 1028, 1028, 14 N.Y.S.3d 482 ; see Vollkommer v. Vollkommer, 101 A.D.3d 1108, 1108, 956 N.Y.S.2d 550 ; Matter of Aronowich–Culhane v. Fournier, 94 A.D.3d 1114, 1115, 943 N.Y.S.2d 174 ). "The best interests of the child are determined by a review of the totality of the circumstances" ( Matter of Gonzalez v. Santiago, 167 A.D.3d 885, 887, 90 N.Y.S.3d 137 ; see Eschbach v. Eschbach, 56 N.Y.2d 167, 171, 451 N.Y.S.2d 658, 436 N.E.2d 1260 ). "In deciding a motion to dismiss a petition for failure to establish a prima facie case, the court must accept the petitioner's evidence as true and afford the petitioner the benefit of every favorable inference that can reasonably be drawn therefrom" ( Matter of Bacchus v. McGregor, 147 A.D.3d at 1050, 48 N.Y.S.3d 683 ; see Matter of Cruz v. Figueroa, 132 A.D.3d at 669, 17 N.Y.S.3d 503 ; Matter of C.H. v. F.M., 130 A.D.3d at 1028, 14 N.Y.S.3d 482 ; Matter of R.O. v. Cond–Arnold, 99 A.D.3d 801, 801, 952 N.Y.S.2d 249 ; Matter of Kerwin v. Kerwin, 39 A.D.3d 950, 951, 833 N.Y.S.2d 694 ).

Here, accepting the mother's evidence as true and affording her the benefit of every favorable inference, the mother presented sufficient evidence to establish a prima facie case of showing a change of circumstances which might warrant modification of custody in the best interests of the children (see Matter of Gonzalez v. Santiago, 167 A.D.3d at 887, 90 N.Y.S.3d 137 ; Matter of R.O. v. Cond–Arnold, 99 A.D.3d at 801–802, 952 N.Y.S.2d 249 ; Matter of Ruiz v. Travis, 84 A.D.3d 1242, 1243, 924 N.Y.S.2d 456 ; see also Matter of Gelling v. McNabb, 126 A.D.3d 1487, 1487, 6 N.Y.S.3d 887 ). The mother testified at the hearing that the parties had orally agreed to alter the custody arrangement so as to have the children alternate between the parents' homes every two weeks, instead of every week as provided in the January 2015 order. This testimony was consistent with the father's statements in his answer. That both parents acknowledged that an adjustment to the...