People v. Chen

210 A.D.3d 702

177 N.Y.S.3d 698

The PEOPLE, etc., respondent,

v.Wu Long CHEN, appellant.

2017–10307

Ind. No. 151/16

Supreme Court, Appellate Division, Second Department, New York.

Submitted—October 6, 2022

November 2, 2022

Patricia Pazner, New York, NY (Yvonne Shivers of counsel), for appellant.

Eric Gonzalez, District Attorney, Brooklyn, NY (Leonard Joblove, Solomon Neubort, and Terrence F. Heller of counsel), for respondent.

COLLEEN D. DUFFY, J.P., REINALDO E. RIVERA, DEBORAH A. DOWLING, JANICE A. TAYLOR, JJ.

DECISION & ORDER

Appeal by the defendant from a judgment of the Supreme Court, Kings County (Neil Jon Firetog, J.), rendered August 1, 2017, convicting him of murder in the second degree and criminal possession of a weapon in the second degree, upon a jury verdict, and imposing sentence.

ORDERED that the judgment is affirmed.

The defendant contends that the admission of the victim's autopsy report prepared by a medical examiner through the testimony of another medical examiner employed by the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner of the City of New York, who did not prepare the report, violated his constitutional right of confrontation. This contention is unpreserved for appellate view (see CPL 470.05[2] ; People v. Lancaster, 166 A.D.3d 807, 87 N.Y.S.3d 232 ; People v. Herb, 110 A.D.3d 829, 972 N.Y.S.2d 668 ), and, in any event, without merit. The medical examiner who prepared the autopsy report was unavailable (see People v. Freycinet, 11 N.Y.3d 38, 862 N.Y.S.2d 450, 892 N.E.2d 843 ; People v. Ganthier, 195 A.D.3d 639, 149 N.Y.S.3d 225 ), and the testifying medical examiner presented her own independent conclusions as to the cause and manner of the victim's death (see People v. John, 27 N.Y.3d 294, 33 N.Y.S.3d 88, 52 N.E.3d 1114 ; People v. Freycinet, 11 N.Y.3d 38, 862 N.Y.S.2d 450, 892 N.E.2d 843 ; People v. Ganthier, 195 A.D.3d 639, 149 N.Y.S.3d 225 ). Furthermore, any error in admitting the autopsy report was harmless, as the cause and manner of death were not in controversy at trial, and there is no reasonable possibility that any such error contributed to the defendant's convictions (see People v. Lopez–Mendoza, 33 N.Y.3d 565, 573, 106 N.Y.S.3d 266, 130 N.E.3d 862 ; People v. Acevedo, 112 A.D.3d 454, 976 N.Y.S.2d 82 ; People v. Herb, 110 A.D.3d 829, 972 N.Y.S.2d 668 ). Concomitantly, the defendant failed to establish a lack of strategic or other legitimate explanation for defense counsel's failure to object to the admission of the autopsy report (see People v. Benevento, 91 N.Y.2d 708, 712–713, 674 N.Y.S.2d 629, 697 N.E.2d 584 ).

The defendant's objections to the prosecutor's summation remarks are unpreserved for appellate review, as he failed to object at trial to any of the remarks he now challenges (see CPL 470.05[2] ; People v. Romero, 7 N.Y.3d 911, 828 N.Y.S.2d 274, 861 N.E.2d 89 ). In any event, the remarks which the defendant now challenges either were fair comment on the evidence (see People v. Cass, 18 N.Y.3d 553, 942 N.Y.S.2d 416, 965 N.E.2d 918 ; People v. Brown, 139 A.D.3d 964, 31 N.Y.S.3d 587 ), or were not so flagrant or pervasive as to deny the defendant a fair trial (see People v. Dunbar, 74 A.D.3d 1227, 905 N.Y.S.2d 222 ). Moreover, the evidence of the defendant's guilt was overwhelming, and there is no significant probability that any improper remarks made during the prosecutor's summation contributed to his conviction (see People v. Crimmins, 36 N.Y.2d 230, 367 N.Y.S.2d 213, 326 N.E.2d 787 ; People v. Henderson, 83 A.D.3d 864, 920 N.Y.S.2d 409 ). Contrary to the defendant's further contention, defense counsel was not ineffective for failing to object to the challenged remarks (see People v. Stultz, 2 N.Y.3d 277, 287, 778 N.Y.S.2d 431, 810 N.E.2d 883 ; People v. Taylor, 1 N.Y.3d 174, 770 N.Y.S.2d 711, 802 N.E.2d 1109 ; cf. People v. Wright, 25 N.Y.3d 769, 16 N.Y.S.3d 485, 37 N.E.3d 1127 ; People v. Fisher, 18...