People v. Guilianelle

2022 NY Slip Op 03953

The People of the State of New York, Respondent, v. Victor A. Guilianelle, Appellant.

No. 529853

Supreme Court of New York, Third Department

June 16, 2022

Calendar Date: April 28, 2022

Rural Law Center of New York, Castleton (Kelly L. Egan of counsel) for appellant.

Robert S. Rosborough IV, Special Prosecutor, Albany, for respondent.

Before: Egan Jr., J.P., Clark, Reynolds Fitzgerald, Fisher and McShan, JJ.

Egan Jr., J.P.

Appeal from an order of the County Court of Saratoga County (Murphy III, J.), entered August 5, 2019, which classified defendant as a risk level two sex offender pursuant to the Sex Offender Registration Act.

In 2018, defendant pleaded guilty to attempted sexual abuse in the first degree and was sentenced to a term of imprisonment. In anticipation of his release from prison, the Board of Examiners of Sex Offenders prepared a risk assessment instrument in accordance with the Sex Offender Registration Act (see Correction Law art 6-C [hereinafter SORA]) that presumptively classified him as a risk level two sex offender with a total score of 90 points. The matter proceeded to a hearing at which defendant elected not to appear but was represented by counsel. Defendant disputed 15 of the 90 points assessed to him, but acknowledged that he would be presumptively classified as a risk level two sex offender even if those points were deducted, and sought a downward departure. County Court thereafter assessed defendant with 90 points, classified him as a risk level two sex offender, designated him as a sexually violent offender and denied his request for a downward departure. Defendant appeals.

Defendant contends that County Court erred in denying his request for a downward departure. County Court expressly denied that request and, even assuming that it failed to adequately set forth the factual findings for that conclusion, "the record is otherwise sufficiently developed for us to make our own factual findings and conclusions" (People v Brown, 190 A.D.3d 1120, 1122 [2021]; accord People v Porter, 201 A.D.3d 1152, 1154 [2022], lv denied ___ N.Y.3d ___ [May 24, 2022]; compare People v Harvey, 202 A.D.3d 1296, 1297 [2022]). The sole basis for defendant's request for a downward departure was the fact that a risk assessment annexed to his presentence investigation report - which was relied upon by the Board in preparing its case summary - indicated that he was at a low risk of reoffending. In order to obtain a downward departure however, "[d]efendant was required to demonstrate, by a preponderance of the evidence, the existence of mitigating factors not adequately taken into consideration by the risk assessment guidelines" (People v Deming, 155 A.D.3d 1262, 1263 [2017] [internal quotation marks and citation omitted], lv denied 30 N.Y.3d 911 [2018]; see People v Gillotti, 23 N.Y.3d 841, 861-863 [2014]). It is settled that "merely tendering an alternative evaluation or assessment does not suffice" to meet that burden and, indeed, the value of the assessment here was especially debatable since the presentence investigation report discussed its conclusions and noted that other research found the actual reoffense rate to be higher than that suggested by the assessment score (People v Deming, 155 A.D.3d at 1263; see People v Dorvee, 203 A.D.3d 1413, 1415 [2022]). It follows, as a result, that defendant failed to demonstrate the need for a downward departure.

Defendant's further contention that he received the ineffective assistance of counsel is unavailing. In addition to advocating for a downward departure, defense counsel actively challenged the reliability of the Board's case summary as support for the assessment of points under risk factor 12 (failure to accept responsibility). Defendant suggests that defense counsel should have sought to review the...