People v. Ripley

210 A.D.3d 1198

177 N.Y.S.3d 802

The PEOPLE of the State of New York, Respondent,

v.Damon RIPLEY, Appellant.

111616

Supreme Court, Appellate Division, Third Department, New York.

Calendar Date: October 12, 2022

Decided and Entered: November 10, 2022

Stephen J. Carney, Schenectady, for appellant.

David J. Clegg, District Attorney, Kingston (Joan Gudesblatt Lamb of counsel), for respondent.

Before: Lynch, J.P., Aarons, Reynolds Fitzgerald, Fisher and McShan, JJ.

MEMORANDUM AND ORDER

Fisher, J. Appeal from a judgment of the County Court of Ulster County (Donald A. Williams, J.), rendered November 28, 2018, convicting defendant upon his plea of guilty of the crime of attempted criminal possession of a weapon in the second degree.

Defendant was indicted on one count of criminal possession of a weapon in the second degree, stemming from his possession of a loaded semi-automatic pistol found on his person during a traffic stop. During pre-trial hearings, defendant accepted a plea offer pursuant to which he pleaded guilty to the indictment, as reduced on the People's motion, to attempted criminal possession of a weapon in the second degree. As a condition of the reduction and plea agreement, defendant was required to waive his right to appeal and executed a written waiver of appeal.

The agreement contemplated a prison sentence of seven years, to be followed by three years of postrelease supervision (hereinafter PRS); County Court indicated its intent to impose the maximum permissible sentence, and the parties appeared to believe that this was the maximum sentence that could be imposed on the reduced charge. At sentencing, when the court announced that it would impose a prison term of seven years with five years of PRS, defense counsel apprised the court that the contemplated period of PRS had been three years; the court reiterated that it had expressed its intent to impose the maximum permitted sentence and, after offering defendant an opportunity to withdraw his guilty plea, which he declined, imposed a prison term of seven years to be followed by five years of PRS, as a second felony offender. Defendant appeals.

We affirm. Regardless of the validity of the appeal waiver (see People v. Drayton, 189 A.D.3d 1892, 1893, 138 N.Y.S.3d 287 [3d Dept. 2020] ), defendant's challenge to the voluntariness of his guilty plea, premised upon County Court's imposition of a five-year period of PRS rather than the three-year period contemplated by the plea agreement, is unpreserved for our review in the absence of an appropriate postallocution motion (see CPL 220.60[3] ; People v. Guerrero, 194 A.D.3d 1258, 1260, 147 N.Y.S.3d 264 [3d Dept. 2021], lv denied 37 N.Y.3d 992, 152 N.Y.S.3d 412, 174 N.E.3d 352 [2021] ). Moreover, County Court expressly afforded defendant an opportunity to confer with counsel at sentencing when the issue arose, and advised him of the right to move to withdraw his guilty plea and return to the preplea stage, which defendant declined, expressly accepting the sentence (see People v. Thompson–Goggins, 182 A.D.3d 916, 918, 120 N.Y.S.3d 877 [3d Dept. 2020] ; see also People v. Burnham, 206 A.D.3d 1368, 1369, 168 N.Y.S.3d 914 [3d Dept. 2022], lv denied 38 N.Y.3d 1187, 176 N.Y.S.3d 217, 197 N.E.3d 497 [2022] ; People v. Sheckton, 239 A.D.2d 617, 618, 657 N.Y.S.2d 782 [3d Dept. 1997] ; compare People v. Drayton, 189 A.D.3d at 1894–1895, 138 N.Y.S.3d 287 ). "The court ... retains discretion in fixing an appropriate sentence up until the time of the sentencing" ( People v. Schultz, 73 N.Y.2d 757, 758, 536 N.Y.S.2d 46, 532 N.E.2d 1274 [1988] [citation omitted]; see People v. Augustine, 265 A.D.2d 671, 673, 697 N.Y.S.2d 698 [3d Dept. 1999] ). Having been afforded ample opportunity in which to move to withdraw his guilty plea, and having declined, preservation of this claim to the validity of the guilty plea was required, and defendant waived any challenge to the court's imposition of a period of PRS greater than set forth during the plea proceedings (see People v. Williams, 27 N.Y.3d 212, 220–222, 224,, 32 N.Y.S.3d 17 51 N.E.3d 528 [2016] ; People v. Mills, 146 A.D.3d 1173, 1174, 47 N.Y.S.3d 474 [3d Dept. 2017] ; see also People v. Delorbe, 35 N.Y.3d 112, 119–120, 125 N.Y.S.3d 327, 149 N.E.3d 20 [2020] ; cf. People v. Hoeltzel, 290 A.D.2d 587, 588–589, 735 N.Y.S.2d 259 [3d Dept. 2002] ).

We agree with defendant's contention that the waiver of appeal is invalid (see People v. Thomas, 34 N.Y.3d 545, 566, 122 N.Y.S.3d 226, 144 N.E.3d 970 [2019] ). To that end, although County Court made clear that a waiver was a condition of the plea, it mischaracterized the scope of the appellate rights being relinquished by the waiver, stating, in overly broad language, that the right to appeal would be "gone forever" and that defendant "can never have it back" (see People v. Carney, 207 A.D.3d 1000, 1000, 172 N.Y.S.3d 243 [3d Dept. 2022] ; People v. Goodwalt, 205 A.D.3d 1070, 1071, 167 N.Y.S.3d 250 [3d Dept. 2022], lv denied 38 N.Y.3d 1071, 171 N.Y.S.3d 452, 191 N.E.3d 404 [2022] ). As this mischaracterization was not cured by the written waiver of appeal, which also contained some overly broad language (see People v. Hawkins, 207 A.D.3d 814, 815, 170 N.Y.S.3d 732 [3d Dept. 2022] ), "we cannot say that defendant[ ] comprehended the nature and consequences of the waiver of appellate rights" so as to render it knowing, voluntary and intelligent ( People v. Bisono, 36 N.Y.3d 1013, 1018, 140 N.Y.S.3d 433, 164 N.E.3d 239 [2020] [internal quotation marks, brackets and citations omitted];...