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Defending Drinking Drivers - Volume One

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POST-TRIAL

7-1

CHAPTER 7

POSTTRIAL

§700 IN GENERAL

§701 Ineffective Assistance of Counsel

§701.1 Withdrawal of Plea

§702 Defending Against Legal Malpractice Claims

§702.1 Ineffective Assistance of Counsel Requires Actual

Showing of Prejudice, Not Only Incompetence

§702.2 Failure to Timely File Notice of Appeal Constitutes Ineffective Assistance of Counsel

§702.3 Failure to File Motion and Raise Defense May Constitute Ineffective Assistance

§710 SENTENCING CONSIDERATIONS

§711 Sentencing Guidelines

§711.1 Blakely and Drunk Driving Defense

§711.1.1 Aggravating Factors Must Be Proved Beyond a Reasonable Doubt

§711.2 Life in Prison for 9-time DUI Offender Neither Cruel

and Unusual nor Grossly Disproportionate

§711.2.1 Uncontested 55 Year Sentence on Felony DUI Case Upheld

§711.3 The Right to a Jury Determination as to the Number of Prior Convictions May Be Waived

§711.4 DUI Is a Crime of Violence Under Federal Sentencing Guidelines

§712 Probation Reports

§713 Pre-Sentencing Memorandum

§714 Sentencing Hearing

§714.1 MADD Representative May Testify at Defendant’s Sentencing Hearing

§714.2 Greater Sentence May Not Be Imposed in Defendant’s Absence

§714.3 Defendant Has Right to Appear at Sentencing Absent Valid Waiver

§715 Restitution

§715 .1 Restitution Hearing Is a “Critical Stage” in the Proceedings Requiring Presence of Counsel

§720 SENTENCING ALTERNATIVES

§721 Diversion Programs

§722 Alcohol Counseling

§722.1 The Timing of Alcohol Counseling

§723 Technological Advancements in Sentencing Alternatives

§724 Suggest Tailor Made Sentences

§725 [Reserved]

§726 Using Time Served to Reduce Sentences

§726.1 Defendant Entitled to Credit for “Time Ser ved” for Treatment Program

§727 Attorney’s Guide to the DSM-5 for Substance Use Disorders

Defending Drinking Drivers 7-2

POST-TRIAL

§730 CONSTITUTIONAL PROBLEMS

§731 Eighth Amendment Problems: Cruel and Unusual Punishment

§732 Multiple Punishments

§733 Enhanced Violations

§733.1 Defendant Cannot Collaterally Attack Drunk

Driving Conviction Used for Sentence Enhancement

§733.2 Conviction of Prior Offense Not Required for Sentence Enhancement

§734 Separation of Powers

§735 Improper Probation Conditions

§735.1 Forfeitures

§735.1.1 Forfeiture of Expensive Car Violated Excessive Fines Clause

§735.2 Improperly Promulgated Rehabilitation Program

§735.3 Improper Restitution Requirement

§735.4 Alcoholics Anonymous Programs

§735.5 Electronic Monitoring

§735.6 Attacking the Seizure and Forfeiture of Drunk Drivers’ Vehicles

§735.7 Court Upholds Forfeiture Law Against Preemption Argument

§735.8 Probation Condition Requiring Abstention From Alcohol Upheld

§735.9 Probation Condition Requiring Sale of Three Cars Upheld

§736 Mandatory Sentencing and Equal Protection

§737 Drunk Driving as “Crime of Violence” Under Sentencing Guidelines

§737.1 Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals Takes a Different View

§738 Ex Post Facto Concerns

§740 PROBATION VIOLATION HEARINGS

§741 Advocacy in Probation Violation Hearings

§741.1 Trying the Probation Violation Case

§750 APPELLATE ISSUES AND EFFECTIVE BRIEF WRITING IN THE DRUNK DRIVING TRIAL

SEE DIGITAL ACCESS FOR RELATED FORMS

Form 7-1 Motion for New Trial

Form 7-2 Motion for New Trial (Improper Exclusion of Expert Testimony)

Form 7-3 Motion for Reduction in Sentencing or Alternative Sentencing; Memorandum in Support

7-3 Post-Trial §701

POST-TRIAL

§700 IN GENERAL

Ονε οφ τηε ωορστ µιστακεσ τηατ ψου χαν µακε ιν α ∆ΩΙ δεφενσε χασε ισ το βελιεϖε τηατ αδϖοχαχψ ενδσ ωιτη

χλοσινγ αργυµεντ. Ποστ−τριαλ µοτιονσ, σεντενχινγ ανδ τηε αππελλατε προχεσσ αρε αλλ εσσεντιαλ ελεµεντσ οφ τηε ∆ΩΙ

δεφενσε. Χερταινλψ, τηε ποστ−τριαλ ασπεχτ ισ ονλψ ιµπορταντ ιν τηε ∆ΩΙ χασε ωηεν ιτ ηασ βεεν λοστ. Βυτ ιφ τηε τριαλ ηασ

βεεν λοστ, εϖερψτηινγ µυστ βε δονε το οβταιν α νεω τριαλ, οϖερτυρν τηε χονϖιχτιον ορ τεµπερ τηε σεντενχε. Σεντενχινγ

αλτερνατιϖεσ µυστ βε ρεϖιεωεδ, εϖαλυατεδ ανδ δεµονστρατεδ το τηε χουρτ το βε αππροπριατε φορµσ οφ πυνισηµεντ.



Τηε ρεχορδ µυστ βε προτεχτεδ ανδ πρεσερϖεδ το ασσυρε αππελλατε ρεϖιεω ανδ χονσιδερατιον.

Τηε µατεριαλ ιν τηισ χηαπτερ φοχυσεσ ον σεντενχινγ χονσιδερατιονσ αϖαιλαβλε το τηε χουρτ ανδ το τηε δεφενσε

αττορνεψ, ανδ ον παρτιχυλαρ σεντενχινγ αλτερνατιϖεσ αππροπριατε φορ ∆ΩΙ χασεσ. Τηε χηαπτερ αλσο δεαλσ ωιτη χονστιτυ−

τιοναλ προβλεµσ ιν σεντενχινγ, ινχλυδινγ προβλεµσ ασσοχιατεδ ωιτη µυλτιπλε πυνισηµεντσ ανδ ενηανχεδ ϖιολατιονσ.

Φιναλλψ, τηε χηαπτερ δεαλσ ωιτη προβατιον ϖιολατιον ηεαρινγσ ανδ ηοω τηεψ χαν βεστ βε ηανδλεδ φροµ α

δεφενσε περσπεχτιϖε.

§701 Ineffective Assistance of Counsel





Πεοπλε οφ τηε Στατε οφ Νεω Ψορκ ϖ. Βιρο, 2011 ΩΛ 2279160. Ιν τηισ χασε, αφτερ τηε δεφενδαντ ωασ χονϖιχτεδ οφ ∆ΩΙ,



 



δεφενσε χουνσελσ στρατεγψ ωασ το χηαλλενγε τηε οπερατιον ελεµεντ. Σιµιλαρλψ, ιν Χιτψ οφ Βιλλινγσ ϖ. Σταεβλερ, ___



  



στρυχκ ανδ κιλλεδ βψ δρυνκ δριϖερσ; (2) ηε φαιλεδ το ρεθυεστ πριϖατε θυεστιονινγ οφ α προσπεχτιϖε ϕυρορ ωηο ηαδ

φαµιλιαριτψ ωιτη α περσον βεινγ κιλλεδ βψ α δρυνκ δριϖερ; ανδ (3) ηε φαιλεδ το οβϕεχτ το τηε ηψποτηετιχαλ ινφερενχε

    

  



αγαινστ δεφενδαντ βψ τηε χοµπλετελψ υνπρεδιχταβλε χοµµεντσ οφ τηε ονε ποτεντιαλ ϕυρορ.

Φορ αν υνπυβλισηεδ χασε ινϖολϖινγ α βιγ µιστακε ον τηε παρτ οφ δεφενσε χουνσελ, τηατ ωασ αλσο χλεαρ ανδ οβϖι−

ουσ ερρορ, βυτ τηατ στιλλ διδ νοτ ρεσυλτ ιν ρεϖερσαλ, σεε Πεοπλε ϖ. Χαστιλλο, 



βαχκ οφ ηισ ϖαν ιν τηε προχεσσ οφ ασσαυλτινγ α ωοµαν ηε ηαδ πρεϖιουσλψ πιχκεδ υπ φροµ τηε βαρ. Ωηιλε τηε δεφενδ−

ινγ ωασ δριϖινγ, τηισ ωοµαν ηαδ τριεδ το εσχαπε φροµ τηε ϖαν, ανδ ιν στοππινγ ηερ, τηε δεφενδαντ χολλιδεδ ωιτη α



    

  

οπινιον ωασ ινφορµεδ βψ τηε φαχτσ τηατ δεφενδαντ ηαδ βλοοδσηοτ εψεσ, σλυρρεδ σπεεχη, τηε στρονγ οδορ οφ αλχοηολ

ον ηισ βρεατη, ανδ τηατ ηε ωασ σλεεπινγ ατ τηε πολιχε στατιον.

−







    









    



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