Republic of Iraq v. ABB AG

768 F.3d 145

The REPUBLIC OF IRAQ, including as Parens Patriae on behalf of the Citizens of the Republic of Iraq, Plaintiff–Appellant

v.ABB AG; ABB Automation; ABB Elektric Sanayi AS; ABB Industrie AC Machines; ABB Industrie Champagne; ABB Near East Trading Ltd. ; ABB Solyvent–Ventec ; AGCO Denmark A/S; AGCO S.A. ; Valtra Do Brazil ; Air Liquide Engineering ; Akzo Nobel N.V.; N.V. Organon; Intervet International B.V.; Astra Zeneca AB.; Mais Co. for Medical Products; Atlas Copco Airpower N.V. ; Atlas Copco Cmt; AWB, Ltd.; B. Braun Medical France; B. Braun Melsungen A.G. ; B. Braun Medical Industries SDN BHD (Malaysia); Aesculap AG and KG; Aesculap Motric S.A.; Aesculap Surgical Instruments SDN; Boston Scientific S.A.; BNP Paribas USA; BNP Paribas (Suisse) SA; BNP Paribas Hong Kong ; BNP Paribas Paris; BNP Paribas UK Holdings Limited; BNP Paribas London Branch ; BNP Paribas (SUISSE) SA; Buhler Ltd.; David B. Chalmers, Jr.; Chevron Corp.; Daewoo International Corp.; Daimler–Chrysler AG ; Dow AgroSciences; Eastman Kodak S.A. ; Ebewe Pharma Ges M.B.H. ; Eli–Lilly Export S.A.; El Paso Corp.; Evapco Europe S.R.L. ; Fiatavio; Flowserve Corp.; Flowserve Pompes ; Flowserve B.V. ; Glaxosmithkline Walls House; Glaxosmithkline Egypt Sae; Glaxo Wellcome Export Ltd. ; Glaxo Wellcome SA (South Africa) (Pry) Ltd.; Smithkline Beecham International ; ABG Allgemeine Baumaschinen–Gesellschaftmbh Dresser International Ingersoll–Rand Italiana, Spa.; Thermo King Ireland Limited; Ingersoll–Rand Benelux, N.V. ; Ingersoll–Rand World Trade Ltd. ; Cilag AG International; Janssen Pharmaceutical; KIA Motors; Liebherr Export AG ; Liebher France, SA; Serono Pharma International; Merial ; Novo Nordisk; Pauwels; Railtech International ; F. Hoffman La Roche ; Roche Diagnostics GMBH; Rohm and Haas France, S.A.; Secalt S.A. ; Siemens S.A.A. of France; Siemens Sanayi Ve Ticaret A.S. of Turkey; Osram Middle East FZE; Solar Turbines Europe ; St. Jude Medical Export GMBH ; Sulzer Burckhardt Engineering Works Ltd. ; Sulzer Pumpen Deutschland GMBH ; Sulzer Turbo Ltd.; Textron, Inc.; Union Pump S.A.S., formerly known as David Brown Guinard Pumps S.A.S. ; David Brown Transmissions of France S.A.; Renault Trucks SAS ; Renault Agriculture & Sonalika International ; Renault V.I.; Volvo Construction Equipment AB, a successor company to Volvo Construction Equipment International; The Weir Group ; Oscar S. Wyatt, Jr.; Vitol, S.A.; Woodhouse International ; York Air Conditioning And Refrigeration FZE, Defendants–Appellees.^*

Docket No. 13–0618.

United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit.

Argued: Feb. 18, 2014.

Decided: Sept. 18, 2014.

Mark Maney, Houston, TX (Roliff Purrington, Maney & Gonzalez–Felix, Houston, TX; Stanley D. Bernstein, Christian Siebott, Bernstein Liebhard, New York, NY, on the brief), for Plaintiff–Appellant.

Brant W. Bishop, Washington, D.C. (Thomas D. Yannucci, John R. Bolton, Robert B. Gilmore, Kirkland & Ellis, Washington, D.C., on the joint brief), for Defendants–Appellees Siemens S.A.A. of France, Siemens Sanayi ve Ticaret A.S. of Turkey, and OSRAM Middle East FZE.

Robert S. Bennett, Washington, D.C. (Christopher T. Handman, Ellen S. Kennedy, Hogan Lovells, Washington, D.C.; Jennifer L. Spaziano, Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom, Washington, D.C., on the joint brief), for Defendants–Appellees BNP Paribas USA, BNP Paribas (Suisse) SA, BNP Paribas Hong Kong, BNP Paribas Paris, BNP Paribas UK Holdings Limited, and BNP Paribas London Branch.

Axinn, Veltrop & Harkrider (John D. Harkrider, New York, NY, Gail L. Gottehrer, Hartford, CT, on the joint brief), for Defendant–Appellee Secalt S.A.

Williams & Connolly (Robert A. Van Kirk, Katherine M. Turner, Washington, D.C., on the joint brief), for Defendants–Appellees Textron, Inc., Union Pump S.A.S., and David Brown Transmissions of France, S.A.

Pillsbury WinthropShaw Pittman (John F. Pritchard, Edward Flanders, Ranah L. Esmaili, New York, NY, on the joint brief), for Defendants–Appellees Atlas Copco Airpower N.V. and Atlas Copco CMT.

Kirkland & Ellis (James P. Gillespie, Karen McCartan DeSantis, Washington, D.C., on the joint brief), for Defendants–Appellees ABB AG, ABB Automation, ABB Elektric Sanayi AS, ABB Industrie AC Machines, ABB Industrie Champagne, and ABB Near East Trading Ltd.

Troutman Sanders (Elliot Cohen, New York, NY, on the joint brief), for Defendants–Appellees AGCO Denmark A/S, AGCO S.A., and Valtra do Brazil.

Leader & Berkon (Michael J. Tiffany, New York, NY; Christopher S. Riley, Barnes & Thornburg, Elkhart, IN, on the joint brief), for Defendant–Appellee ABB Solyvent–Ventec.

Baker & McKenzie (Darrell Prescott, New York, NY, on the joint brief), for Defendant–Appellee Air Liquide Engineering.

Covington & Burling (Nancy Kestenbaum, New York, NY, Mark H. Lynch, Washington, D.C., on the joint brief), for Defendants–Appellees Akzo Nobel N.V., N.V. Organon, Intervet International B.V., Astra Zeneca AB., Cilag AG International, Janssen Pharmaceutical, and Merial.

Alston & Bird (Karl Geercken, New York, NY, on the joint brief), for Defendants–Appellees B. Braun Medical France, B. Braun Melsungen A.G., B. Braun Medical Industries SDN BHD (Malaysia), Aesculap AG and KG, Aesculap Motric S.A., and Aesculap Surgical Instruments SDN.

Cravath, Swaine & Moore (Robert H. Baron, Timothy G. Cameron, New York, NY, on the joint brief), for Defendant–Appellee AWB, Ltd.

Park & Jensen (Tai H. Park, New York, NY, on the joint brief), for Defendant–Appellee Boston Scientific S.A.

Pepper Hamilton (Robert L. Hickok, Barak A. Bassman, Philadelphia, PA, Kenneth J. King, New York, NY, on the joint brief), for Defendants–Appellees GlaxoSmithKline Egypt SAE, Glaxo Wellcome Export Ltd., Glaxo Wellcome SA (South Africa) (PRY) Ltd., and SmithKline Beecham International.

Spagnoletti & Co. (Francis I. Spagnoletti, David S. Toy, Houston, TX, on the joint brief), for Defendant–Appellee David B. Chalmers, Jr.

Shearman & Sterling (Philip E. Urofsky, Washington, DC, Danforth Newcomb, H. Miriam Farber, New York, NY, on the joint brief), for Defendants–Appellees Buhler Ltd., Daimler–Chrysler AG, ABG Allgemeine Baumaschinen–GesellschaftmbH, Sulzer Pumpen Deutschland GmbH, Sulzer Turbo Ltd., Renault Trucks SAS, Renault V.I., and Volvo Construction Equipment AB.

Jones Day (Meir Feder, Thomas E. Lynch, New York, NY, on the joint brief), for Defendant–Appellee Chevron Corp.

Gibbons (Thomas R. Valen, Newark, NJ, on the joint brief), for Defendants–Appellees Daewoo International Corp. and Kia Motors.

Fulbright & Jaworski (Mark A. Robertson, New York, NY, on the joint brief), for Defendant–Appellee El Paso Corp.

Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft (Jason Jurgens, Nathan M. Bull, New York, NY, on the joint brief), for Defendant–Appellee Dow AgroSciences.

Bowie & Jensen (R. Michael Smith, Towson, MD, on the joint brief), for Defendant–Appellee Evapco Europe S.r.l.

Kelley Drye & Warren (Thomas B. Kinzler, David Zalman, Melissa E. Byroade, New York, NY, on the joint brief), for Defendants–Appellees Flowserve Corp., Flowserve Pompes, and Flowserve B.V.Rothwell, Figg, Ernst & Manbeck (Robert P. Parker, Washington, D.C., on the joint brief), for Defendant–Appellee Ingersoll–Rand Benelux, N.V.

Sidley Austin (Richard D. Klingler, Steven J. Horowitz, Washington, D.C., Dorothy J. Spenner, New York, NY, on the joint brief), for Defendants–Appellees Eli–Lilly Export S.A., Ingersoll–Rand Italiana, SpA., Thermo King Ireland Limited, Ingersoll–Rand World Trade Ltd., and Novo Nordisk.

Willcox & Savage (Brett A. Spain, Norfolk, VA, on the joint brief), for Defendants–Appellees Liebherr Export AG and Libher France, SA.

Nixon Peabody (Michael S. Cohen, Jericho, NY, on the joint brief), for Defendant–Appellee Serono Pharma International.

Epstein Becker & Green (Peter L. Altieri, David J. Clark, New York, NY, on the joint brief), for Defendant–Appellee Railtech International.

Harkins Cunningham (John G. Harkins, Jr., Philadelphia, PA, on the joint brief), for Defendant–Appellee Rohm and Haas France, S. A.

Alston & Bird (John P. Doherty, New York, NY, on the joint brief), for Defendant–Appellee Pauwels.

Davis Polk & Wardwell (Brian S. Weinstein, New York, NY, Jason McCullough, Washington, D.C., on the joint brief), for Defendants–Appellees F. Hoffman La Roche and Roche Diagnostics GmbH.

Baker & Hostetler (Gregory L. Baker, Washington, DC, on the joint brief), for Defendant–Appellee Solar Turbines Europe.

Carter Ledyard & Milburn (Judith A. Lockhart, New York, NY, on the joint brief), for Defendant–Appellee St. Jude Medical Export GmbH.

Drinker Biddle & Reath (Clay J. Pierce, New York, NY, on the joint brief), for Defendant–Appellee Renault Agriculture & Sonalika International.

Canales & Simonson (J.A. Canales, Corpus Christi, TX, on the joint brief), for Defendant–Appellee Oscar S. Wyatt, Jr.

Baker & McKenzie (Larence Walker Newman, New York, NY, on the joint brief), for Defendant–Appellee Sulzer Burckhardt Engineering Works Ltd.

Jones Day (Michael H. Ginsberg, Pittsburgh, PA, on the joint brief), for Defendant–Appellee The Weir Group.

Sullivan & Cromwell (Penny Shane, Andrew P. Giering, New York, NY, on the joint brief), for Defendant–Appellee Vitol, S.A.

K&L Gates (Walter P. Loughlin, New York, NY; Andrew Siegel, Christopher A. Payne, Sandler Siegel, Dallas, TX, on the joint brief), for Defendant–Appellee Woodhouse International.

Reed Smith (Casey D. Laffey, New York, NY, on the joint brief), for Defendant–Appellee York Air Conditioning and Refrigeration FZE.

Before KEARSE, WINTER, and DRONEY, Circuit Judges.

Opinion

KEARSE, Circuit Judge:

Plaintiff The Republic of Iraq (or the “Republic”) appeals from a judgment of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, Sidney H. Stein, Judge, dismissing its claims under the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (“RICO”), 18 U.S.C. §§ 1961 et seq., the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (or “FCPA”), 15 U.S.C. §§ 78dd–1 et seq., and common law, against numerous defendants who are alleged to have conspired in 1997–2...